当您进食时，食物从口腔进入食道，食道是一条通向胃的肌肉管
食管末端有一个肌肉环，称为食管下括约肌
它打开让食物进入你的胃
通常，它会保持关闭状态，以防止胃内容物回流到食道中
如果括约肌没有完全关闭，可能会发生胃食管反流或 GER
括约肌薄弱或松弛会使胃内容物回流或漏回食道
胃内容物中的酸会刺激食道
这可能会导致胸部出现疼痛、烧灼感，称为胃灼热或酸性消化不良
偶尔出现胃食管反流是很常见的
然而，如果这种情况连续几周每周发生两次以上，
您可能患有更严重的疾病，称为胃食管反流病，也称为 GERD
如果不及时治疗，随着时间的推移，胃食管反流病可能会导致并发症
例如，您可能会患上食管炎，即食管内壁发炎或发炎
您的食道可能变得太窄，这种情况称为食道狭窄
胃食管反流病可能会导致您将胃酸吸入肺部
这可能导致呼吸系统问题，如哮喘、胸闷、声音嘶哑、喘息、喉炎和肺炎
胃食管反流病还会导致巴雷特食管疾病
在这种情况下，下食道内壁的细胞会被与肠道中类似的细胞所取代
这可能会增加您患食道癌的风险
GERD 的常见原因包括
怀孕或超重，
这会给你的腹部带来压力，
吸烟,
某些药物，例如治疗过敏、高血压和抑郁症的药物，
和食管裂孔疝
食管裂孔疝是一种胃上部通过膈肌开口向上移动的病症
这使得胃酸更容易进入食道
GERD 最常见的症状是胃灼热
其他症状包括恶心、吞咽困难、口臭、声音嘶哑、喉咙痛以及食物反流（称为反流）
想了解更多关于胃食管反流病的信息，
与您的医疗保健提供者交谈

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When you eat food passes from your mouth into your esophagus a muscular tube that leads to your stomach
当您进食时,食物从口腔进入食道,食道是一条通向胃的肌肉管
Your esophagus has a ring of muscle at the end called the lower esophageal sphincter
食管末端有一个肌肉环,称为食管下括约肌
It opens to let food into your stomach
它打开让食物进入你的胃
Normally it stays closed to prevent stomach contents from going back up into your esophagus
通常,它会保持关闭状态,以防止胃内容物回流到食道中
If the sphincter doesn't close all the way gastroesophageal reflux or GER can happen
如果括约肌没有完全关闭,可能会发生胃食管反流或 GER
The weak or relaxed sphincter allows the contents of your stomach to reflux or leak back into your esophagus
括约肌薄弱或松弛会使胃内容物回流或漏回食道
Acid in the stomach contents irritates your esophagus
胃内容物中的酸会刺激食道
This can cause a painful burning feeling in your chest called heartburn or acid indigestion
这可能会导致胸部出现疼痛、烧灼感,称为胃灼热或酸性消化不良
It's common to have gastroesophageal reflux once in a while
偶尔出现胃食管反流是很常见的
However if it happens more than twice a week for a few weeks
然而,如果这种情况连续几周每周发生两次以上,
you may have a more serious condition called gastroesophageal reflux disease also known as GERD
您可能患有更严重的疾病,称为胃食管反流病,也称为 GERD
If left untreated GERD can lead to complications over time
如果不及时治疗,随着时间的推移,胃食管反流病可能会导致并发症
For example you may develop esophagitis where the lining of your esophagus becomes inflamed or irritated
例如,您可能会患上食管炎,即食管内壁发炎或发炎
Your esophagus may become too narrow which is a condition called esophageal stricture
您的食道可能变得太窄,这种情况称为食道狭窄
GERD may cause you to breathe stomach acid into your lungs
胃食管反流病可能会导致您将胃酸吸入肺部
This can lead to respiratory problems such as asthma chest congestion hoarseness wheezing laryngitis and pneumonia
这可能导致呼吸系统问题,如哮喘、胸闷、声音嘶哑、喘息、喉炎和肺炎
GERD can also lead to a condition called Barret's esophagus
胃食管反流病还会导致巴雷特食管疾病
In this condition the cells lining your lower esophagus are replaced with cells similar to those in your intestine
在这种情况下,下食道内壁的细胞会被与肠道中类似的细胞所取代
This may increase your risk for developing cancer in your esophagus
这可能会增加您患食道癌的风险
Common causes of GERD include
GERD 的常见原因包括
being pregnant or overweight
怀孕或超重,
which puts pressure on your abdomen
这会给你的腹部带来压力,
smoking
吸烟,
certain medications such as those that treat allergies high blood pressure and depression
某些药物,例如治疗过敏、高血压和抑郁症的药物,
and a hiatal hernia
和食管裂孔疝
A hiatal hernia is a condition where the upper part of your stomach moves up through an opening in your diaphragm
食管裂孔疝是一种胃上部通过膈肌开口向上移动的病症
This makes it easier for stomach acid to come up into your esophagus
这使得胃酸更容易进入食道
The most common symptom of GERD is heartburn
GERD 最常见的症状是胃灼热
Other symptoms include nausea problems swallowing bad breath hoarseness sore throat and bringing food back up called regurgitation
其他症状包括恶心、吞咽困难、口臭、声音嘶哑、喉咙痛以及食物反流(称为反流)
To find out more about gastroesophageal reflux disease
想了解更多关于胃食管反流病的信息,
talk to your healthcare provider
与您的医疗保健提供者交谈