您或您关心的人可能已被诊断出患有头颈癌
该视频将帮助您更多地了解这种类型的癌症及其对身体的影响
头颈癌可能发生在某些部位，例如鼻窦，鼻窦是鼻子周围头骨中的空腔，
你的鼻腔，
你的嘴，也称为你的口腔，
你的喉咙，也称为咽部，
你的喉部，也称为你的喉部，
和你的唾液腺，它们是帮助你消化食物的器官
大多数这些结构的衬里细胞称为鳞状细胞
最常见的头颈癌称为鳞状细胞癌，始于这些细胞
在这里，正常细胞变成异常细胞，称为癌细胞
随着时间的推移，这些细胞会失去控制并形成称为肿瘤的簇
这些肿瘤可以生长和扩散，破坏健康组织
头颈癌的症状因癌症的位置而异
一般来说，症状可能包括不愈合的疮，
一个不会消失的肿块，
喉咙痛持续不断，
疼痛或吞咽困难，
耳痛、声音嘶哑或声音变化以及呼吸困难
其他健康问题可能会导致这些症状
请务必去看医生以确定
如果您患有头颈癌，
您的医生会尽力查明疾病的严重程度以及是否已经扩散
这就是所谓的分期
癌症分期从零到四
阶段越低意味着癌症生长越少
阶段越高意味着癌症生长越多
头颈癌的两个主要危险因素是饮酒和吸烟，包括无烟烟草
其他危险因素包括感染某些病毒，例如人乳头瘤病毒或 Epstein-Barr 病毒，
接触某些工作场所物质
以及过去的头颈部放射治疗
如果您正在接受头颈癌的诊断，
继续与您的医生和癌症护理团队交谈

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You or someone you care about may have been diagnosed with head and neck cancer
您或您关心的人可能已被诊断出患有头颈癌
This video will help you understand more about this type of cancer and how it affects the body
该视频将帮助您更多地了解这种类型的癌症及其对身体的影响
Cancer of the head and neck may develop in certain areas such as your sinuses which are hollow spaces in the bones of your head around your nose
头颈癌可能发生在某些部位,例如鼻窦,鼻窦是鼻子周围头骨中的空腔,
your nasal cavity
你的鼻腔,
your mouth also known as your oral cavity
你的嘴,也称为你的口腔,
your throat also known as your pharynx
你的喉咙,也称为咽部,
your voice box also known as your larynx
你的喉部,也称为你的喉部,
and your salivary glands which are organs that help you digest food
和你的唾液腺,它们是帮助你消化食物的器官
The cells lining most of these structures are called squamous cells
大多数这些结构的衬里细胞称为鳞状细胞
The most common type of head and neck cancer called squamous cell carcinoma begins in these cells
最常见的头颈癌称为鳞状细胞癌,始于这些细胞
Here normal cells change into abnormal cells called cancer cells
在这里,正常细胞变成异常细胞,称为癌细胞
Over time these cells can grow out of control and form a cluster called a tumor
随着时间的推移,这些细胞会失去控制并形成称为肿瘤的簇
These tumors can grow and spread destroying healthy tissue
这些肿瘤可以生长和扩散,破坏健康组织
Symptoms for head and neck cancer vary depending on the location of the cancer
头颈癌的症状因癌症的位置而异
In general symptoms may include a sore that doesn't heal
一般来说,症状可能包括不愈合的疮,
a lump that doesn't go away
一个不会消失的肿块,
a sore throat that doesn't go away
喉咙痛持续不断,
pain or trouble swallowing
疼痛或吞咽困难,
ear pain hoarseness or a change in your voice and trouble breathing
耳痛、声音嘶哑或声音变化以及呼吸困难
Other health problems may cause these symptoms
其他健康问题可能会导致这些症状
It's important to see your doctor to be sure
请务必去看医生以确定
If you have head and neck cancer
如果您患有头颈癌,
your doctor will try to find out the extent of the disease and if it has spread
您的医生会尽力查明疾病的严重程度以及是否已经扩散
This is called staging
这就是所谓的分期
The stages of cancer range from zero to four
癌症分期从零到四
A lower stage means less cancer growth
阶段越低意味着癌症生长越少
A higher stage means more cancer growth
阶段越高意味着癌症生长越多
The two main risk factors for head and neck cancer are alcohol and tobacco use including smokeless tobacco
头颈癌的两个主要危险因素是饮酒和吸烟,包括无烟烟草
Other risk factors include infection with certain viruses such as human papillomavirus or Epstein Barr virus
其他危险因素包括感染某些病毒,例如人乳头瘤病毒或
exposure to certain workplace substances
接触某些工作场所物质
and past radiation therapy of the head and neck
以及过去的头颈部放射治疗
If you are dealing with a diagnosis of head and neck cancer
如果您正在接受头颈癌的诊断,
continue to talk to your doctor and your cancer care team
继续与您的医生和癌症护理团队交谈