In this part there is an essay in Chinese. Read it carefully and then write a summary of 200 words in English on the ANSWER SHEET. Make sure that your summary covers the major points of the passage.

什么是å¥åº·?

人的å¥åº·åŒ…括身体å¥åº·å’Œå¿ƒç†å¥åº·ä¸¤ä¸ªæ–¹é¢ã€‚一个人的身体和心ç†éƒ½å¥åº·æ‰ç§°å¾—上真正的å¥åº·ã€‚è”åˆå›½ä¸–界å«ç”Ÿç»„织对å¥åº·ä¸‹çš„定义是:å¥åº·çš„人ä¸ä½†æ²¡æœ‰èº«ä½“疾患,而且有完整的生ç†ã€å¿ƒç†çжæ€å’Œç¤¾ä¼šé€‚应能力。

æ—¥å‰åœ¨æˆ‘们国家,无论在å¥åº·äººä¸Žç—…人中,或者在医务人员中,大都在ä¸åŒç¨‹åº¦ä¸Šå¿½ç•¥å¿ƒç†å¥åº·ã€‚这对æé«˜äººçš„å¥åº·æ°´å¹³ä¸Žæé«˜åŒ»ç–—效果都产生消æžçš„å½±å“。例如在现实生活中,人们往往é‡è§†è¥å…»ï¼Œè€Œå¿½è§†é¥®é£Ÿæ—¶çš„心ç†å› ç´ ä½œç”¨ã€‚人们注æ„身体的锻炼,而ä¸é‡è§†å¿ƒç†çš„锻炼。甚至ä¸çŸ¥é“什么是心ç†å¥åº·ä»¥åŠå¦‚何锻炼。在临床实践中,有些医务人员在病因上,é‡è§†ç—…æ¯’ã€æ„ŸæŸ“等因素,忽视疾病的心ç†å› ç´ çš„作用;在诊断上é‡è§†ç‰©ç†è¯Šæ–­ç­‰ï¼Œå¿½è§†å¿ƒç†è¯Šæ–­ï¼›åœ¨æ²»ç–—上é‡è§†è¯ç‰©æ²»ç–—ï¼Œå¿½è§†å¿ƒç†æ²»ç–—。其实,身体å¥åº·ä¸Žå¿ƒç†å¥åº·æ˜¯åŒç­‰é‡è¦çš„。二者是相互è”ç³»ã€ç›¸äº’制约的。身心两方é¢å¥åº·æ˜¯ç›¸è¾…相æˆçš„。

éšç€21世纪的到æ¥ï¼Œäººä»¬æ›´åŠ ä¸“æ³¨è‡ªèº«çš„å¥åº·ã€‚追求长寿ã€å¥åº·å·²æˆä¸ºä¸€ç§æ—¶å°šã€‚但是,如何æ‰èƒ½å¥åº·ï¼Œæ€Žæ ·æ‰èƒ½é•¿å¯¿?å¥åº·ä¸Žé•¿å¯¿çš„å¤§æ•Œåˆæ˜¯ä»€ä¹ˆå‘¢?众多医学ä¿å¥ä¸“家指出,介于疾病与å¥åº·ä¹‹é—´çš„“第三状æ€â€æ˜¯äººç±»å¥åº·ä¸Žé•¿å¯¿çš„大敌。所谓第三状æ€ï¼ŒæŒ‡äººä»¬ç»å¸¸æ„Ÿåˆ°è‡ªå·±èº«ä½“éš¾å—ä¸é€‚的状æ€ã€‚主è¦è¡¨çŽ°ä¸ºæ—¶å¸¸æ„Ÿè§‰èº«ä½“å¾ˆç´¯ï¼Œå¾ˆç–²å€¦ï¼Œå¾ˆæƒ³å¥½å¥½ç¡ä¸Šä¸€è§‰ã€‚此外,ç»å¸¸å‡ºçŽ°æ‡’è¨€ã€å°‘æ°”ã€é£Ÿæ¬²æ¬ ä½³ã€å¯¹ä»€ä¹ˆéƒ½ä¸æ„Ÿå…´è¶£ã€æ— ç²¾æ‰“采等症状,也就是人们常说的亚å¥åº·çжæ€(sub-health condition)。如果说å¥åº·æ˜¯äººçš„第一状æ€ï¼Œç–¾ç—…是人的第二状æ€ï¼Œé‚£ä¹ˆäºšå¥åº·åˆ™ä¸ºäººçš„第三状æ€ã€‚

有关调查表明,éšç€ç»æµŽçš„高速å‘展,竞争日趋激烈,生活节å¥é€æ¸åŠ å¿«ï¼Œäºšå¥åº·äººç¾¤çš„增多已æˆä¸ºä¸€ç§ä¸å¯å›žé¿çš„现实。该人群以中年人居多,èŒä¸šæ¶‰åŠå¾ˆå¹¿ã€‚一般æ¥è®²ï¼Œè¶Šæ˜¯æœ‰æˆå°±ã€æ”¶å…¥è¶Šé«˜ï¼Œäºšå¥åº·çжæ€çš„出现频率越高,如ç»ç†ã€ç§˜ä¹¦ã€ç®¡ç†äººå‘˜ç­‰éƒ½æ˜¯äºšå¥åº·çжæ€çš„高å‘èŒä¸šã€‚此外,记者ã€å¾‹å¸ˆã€åŒ»ç”Ÿã€è‡ªç”±èŒä¸šè€…出现亚å¥åº·çжæ€çš„æ¯”例也比较高。

ç›®å‰å¾ˆâ€œæ—¶é«¦â€çš„“疲劳综åˆå¾â€(exhaustion syndrome)就是亚å¥åº·çжæ€çš„典型代表。疲劳综åˆç—‡ä¸ä»…在å‘达国家有相当高的å‘病率,在å‘展中国家也ä¸å°‘è§ã€‚这类疾病表é¢çœ‹æ¥å¯¹äººä½“并无多大妨ç¢ï¼Œä»…仅表现为生ç†åŠŸèƒ½ä½Žä¸‹ï¼Œä½†å…¶æ½œä¼çš„å±é™©æ€§å´ä¸å®¹å¿½è§†ï¼Œå› ä¸ºç–²åŠ³ç»¼åˆå¾å¾€å¾€å°±æ˜¯æŸäº›æ…¢æ€§ç—…的先兆。比如大家所熟悉的高血压ã€å¿ƒè„‘血管疾病ã€è‚¿ç˜¤ç­‰ï¼Œå¾ˆå¤šéƒ½ç»§å‘于疲劳综åˆå¾ã€‚

对于亚å¥åº·çжæ€ï¼Œç›®å‰å›½å†…外尚无特效治疗方法,而学会自我调节,对于缓解ã€çº æ­£äººä½“的亚å¥åº·çжæ€éžå¸¸é‡è¦ã€‚这里æé†’您注æ„以下几点:一是学会以轻æ¾çš„心æ€å¯¹å¾…学习ã€å·¥ä½œå’Œç”Ÿæ´»ï¼Œå°½é‡ä¸è¦æ•…æ„给自己加压。二是è¦åƒå¥½ã€‚所谓åƒå¥½ï¼Œä¸æ˜¯æŒ‡å¤§åƒå¤§å–ã€å¤§é±¼å¤§è‚‰ï¼Œè€Œæ˜¯æŒ‡æ ¹æ®è‡ªå·±çš„实际情况选择饮食。三是一定è¦ç¡å¥½ï¼Œæ—©ç¡æ—©èµ·ã€‚ç¡ä¸Šä¸€ä¸ªå¥½è§‰ï¼Œç²¾åŠ›ã€ä½“力就容易æ¢å¤ã€‚

答案

Health includes people’s physical and mental health. WHO defines it as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. People, healthy or not, along with medical staff, ignore mental health to some extent. People tend to attach importance to physical exercise while neglecting mental exercise. In clinical practice, some medical staff pay less attention to mental factors and psychological treatments. In fact, physical and mental health are significant equally, which are interrelated and mutually restricted.

People care about their own health and pursue longevity. However the “third state”, being subhealthy, serves as the barrier to people’s health. Exhaustion syndrome is the typical representative of such a state, which is characterized by fatigue, listlessness and poor appetite. It is reported that subhealthy people are mainly the middle-aged in a variety of professionals ranging from administrators to doctors. Potential risks of exhaustion syndrome should not be ignored, which tend to trigger some chronic diseases, such as hypertention, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and even cancers.

Although there have not been effective treatments towards subhealth, self-regulation would work. First we should be positive towards study, work and life and try not to impose much pressure on ourselves. Additionally, you’d better choose proper diets and have sound sleeps. Keeping early hours is recommended.

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