In this part there are two paragraphs in Chinese. Read it carefully and translate the following paragraphs into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. Make sure that your summary covers the major parts of the passage.
应激医学
应激医学揭示了神经、内分泌、免疫系统在维持健康和疾病发生、发展过程中的作用,使人们对人类病因的认识,从微生物扩展到生活环境和宇宙的大背景,从物质层面扩展到精神的思维认知层面。
应激医学是社会一心理一生物医学模式的医学体系,使人们对导致机体发生疾病的原因有了更加广泛的认识,不光有形的物质能使机体发生疾病,无形的精神认知和情绪的变化也能使机体发生疾病甚至死亡。应激反应是机体调节自身机能状态的保护性机制,任何疾病的发生、发展,都伴随应激反应过程,应激反应甚至决定疾病的转归结局。
Stress medicine reveals the functions of nervous, endocrine and immune system in maintaining health and the occurrence and development of diseases, which expands people’s understanding of human etiology from microorganism to the background of living environment and universe, from material to spiritual thinking and cognition.
Stress medicine is a medical system of social-psychological-biomedical model, which enables people to have a broader understanding of the causes of diseases in the body. Not only tangible substances can cause diseases in the body, but intangible mental cognition and emotional changes can also cause diseases and even death. Stress response is a protective mechanism for the body to regulate the functional state. The occurrence and development of any disease are accompanied by the process of stress response, and the stress response even determines the outcome of the disease in some cases.