Several years into a campaign to get kids to eat better and exercise more, child obesity rates have appeared to stabilize, and might be poised for a reversal.

But a study published Monday in the journal PNAS suggests that among adolescents, the【C1】_____signs are limited to those from better-educated, more【C2】__families. Among teens from poorer, less well-educated families, obesity has【C3】_____to rise.

That class-gap was not【C4】_____in younger children. But as children neared【C5】_____, the class differences became increasingly obvious.

【C6】_____between rich and poor in obesity rates are not new, and they are only one of many health gaps that make poor patients sicker and more likely to die【C7】__than richer ones. But if the public health message on obesity “has not diffused【C8】__across the population,” this gap could【C9】__efforts to stem a tidal wave of【C10】_____obesity-related diseases in the years ahead.

Researchers from Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government found that【C11】_____activity may account largely for the【C12】_____trend in obesity between rich and poor.

If public health experts are to prevent childhood obesity and【C13】_____drive down future obesity among adults, they’ll have to figure out【C14】__less advantaged kids don’t get as much exercise, the authors of the latest study say. Yes, lack of【C15】__centers, playgrounds, and streets and sidewalks that【C16】_____walking, biking and playing are important, they wrote.

But, they added, “this is not the whole story.” Among children with parents who【C17】_____high on the socioeconomic scale, participation in high school sports and clubs has increased. But among their【C18】__from families of lower educational【C19】__and income, such participation has【C20】_____.

In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows.

Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of “trash talk (废话)”. The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the ever common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society’s moral catastrophes, yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments (困境) of other people’s lives.

Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual’s quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors.

Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a final word. He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.

Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show’s main target audience are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and stability to deal with life’s tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18- to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the show’s exploitation.

While the two shows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world.

It doesn’t take long to walk from Siemens’s old headquarters in Munich to its new one: the German industrial conglomerate has built it right next door. The design is cutting-edge, as are the building’s environmental features. It is packed with energy-saving sensors; channelled rainwater is used to flush the toilets. General Electric, Siemens’s big American rival, will soon have a new base, too. Its building will also boast plenty of green technology, such as a huge canopy made of solar panels.

The two industrial giants aren’t so much showing off as signaling transformation. Both firms are going through the most profound change in their corporate histories, attempting to switch from being makers of machines into fully digital businesses.

It is tempting to bracket the firms together for other reasons, too. Siemens, in contrast, excels in product design and factory automation. It already has experience in digitising the entire life cycle of an industrial product, from design to fabrication, so it is in some ways already more of an IT firm than GE.

It is no surprise, then, that the two firms are also taking very different paths towards digitization. GE is completely reinventing itself, whereas Siemens is staying close to its roots. What works best will be closely watched by other companies in all sorts of industries. They want to know what happens when operating technology, as represented by GE and Siemens, properly meets information technology.

GE’s answer has been to invest billions since 2011 in a data platform called Predix. It wants the system to become for machines what Android is for smartphones. Siemens’s digital transformation appears to be going more slowly. Only recently did it begin marketing MindSphere, its equivalent to Predix, more intensively.

Siemens’s attitude to its industrial customers’ data may also work better than GE’s. Whereas individual consumers are by and large willing to give up personal information to one platform, such as Google or Facebook, most companies try to avoid such lock-in. Whether they are makers of machine tools or operators of a factory, they jealously guard their data because they know how much they are worth. Both GE and Siemens say their customers will keep control of their data in the new digitized world of their data in the new is who will own the algorithms that are generated using these data. GE claims ownership; Siemens is much lesscategorical.

It is thus unlikely that a single platform will come to dominate the industrial Internet. Nonetheless GE seems better prepared for a digital future. The firm now has a flexible organization that can change course quickly. Siemens, by contrast, is still living in a more closed vertical world. Both new headquarters feature small museums displaying the firms’ roots. No prize for guessing which one you can visit strictly by appointment only.

There is nothing like the suggestion of a cancer risk to scare a parent, especially one of the over-educated, eco-conscious type. So you can imagine the reaction when a recent USA Today investigation of air quality around the nation’s schools singled out those in the smugly green village of Berkeley, Calif, as being among the worst in the country. The city’s public high school, as well as a number of daycare centers, preschools, elementary and middle schools, fell in the lowest 10%. Industrial pollution in our town had supposedly turned students into living science experiments breathing in a laboratory’s worth of heavy metals like manganese, chromium and nickel each day. This happens in a city that requires school cafeterias to serve organic meals. Great, I thought, organic lunch, toxic campus.

Since December, when the report came out, the mayor, neighborhood activists and various parent-teacher associations have engaged in a fierce battle over its validity: over the guilt of the steel-casting factory on the western edge of town, over union jobs versus children’s health and over what, if anything, ought to be done. With all sides presenting their own experts armed with conflicting scientific studies, whom should parents believe? Is there truly a threat here, we asked one another as we dropped off our kids, and if so, how great is it? And how does it compare with the other, seemingly perpetual health scares we confront, like panic over lead in synthetic athletic fields? Rather than just another weird episode in the town that brought you protesting environmentalists, this latest drama is a trial for how today’s parents perceive risk, how we try to keep our kids safe—whether it’s possible to keep them safe—in what feels like an increasingly threatening world. It raises the question of what, in our time, “safe” could even mean.

“There’s no way around the uncertainty,” says Kimberly Thompson, president of Kid Risk, a nonprofit group that studies children’s health. “That means your choices can matter, but it also means you aren’t going to know if they do.” A 2004 report in the journal Pediatrics explained that nervous parents have more to fear from fire, car accidents and drowning than from toxic chemical exposure. To which I say: Well, obviously. But such concrete hazards are beside the point. It’s the dangers parents can’t—and may never— quantify that occur all of sudden. That’s why I’ve rid my cupboard of microwave food packed in bags coated with a potential cancer-causing substance, but although I’ve lived blocks from a major fault line (地质断层) for more than 12 years, I still haven’t bolted our bookcases to the living room wall.

Dream is a story that a person “watches” or even takes part in during sleep. Dream events are imaginary, but they are related to real experiences and needs in the dreamer’s life. They seem real while they are taking place. Some dreams are pleasant, others are annoying, and still others are frightening.

Everyone dreams, but some persons never recall dreaming. Others remember only a little about a dream they had just before awakening and nothing about earlier dreams. No one recalls all his dreams.

Dreams involve little logical thought. In most dreams, the dreamer cannot control what happens to him. The story may be confusing, and things happen that would not happen in real life. People see in most dreams, but they may also hear, smell, touch, and taste in their dreams. Most dreams occur in color, but persons who have been blind since birth do not see at all in dreams.

Dreams are a product of the sleeper’s mind. They include events and feelings that he has experienced. Most dreams are related to events of the day before the dream and strong wishes of the dreamer. Many minor incidents of the hours before sleep appear in dreams. Few events more than two days old turn up. Deep wishes or fears—especially those held since childhood—often appear in dreams, and many dreams fulfill such wishes. Events in the sleeper’s surrounding—a loud noise, for example, may become part of a dream, but they do not cause dreams.

Some dreams involve deep feelings that a person may not realize he has. Psychiatrists (精神病医生) often use material from a patient’s dreams to help the person understand himself better.

Dreaming may help maintain good learning ability, memory, and emotional adjustment. People who get plenty of sleep—but are awakened each time they begin to dream—become anxious and restless.

【G1】___________________Many of these customs include stories and beliefs related to creatures, real or magical, taking the teeth. In Asia, for example, birds and other animals are thought to play a role in taking these baby teeth. In the West, though, a fairy is thought to visit. In all cases, it is considered lucky for the animal or fairy to take the offered tooth.

【G2】__________________Later, the magpie will return and bring a new tooth for the child. This custom is also followed in other Asian countries. In both Japan and Vietnam, Children follow a similar tradition of throwing lost teeth onto the roofs of houses.

【G3】__________________In Mexico and Spain, for instance, tradition says a mouse takes the tooth and leaves some money. But in Mongolia, dogs are responsible for taking children’s teeth away. Dogs are highly respected in Mongolian culture and are considered to be people’s guardian angels.

【G4】__________________Accordingly, parents in Mongolia will put their child’s lost tooth in the fat of a piece of meat and feed it to a dog.

【G5】___________________Many children in Western countries count on the Tooth

Fairy to leave money or presents in exchange for a tooth. The exact origins of the Tooth Fairy are unknown, although the story probably began in England or Ireland centuries ago. According to this tradition, a child puts a lost tooth under his or her pillow before going to bed. In the small hours while the child is sleeping, the Tooth Fairy takes the tooth and leaves something else under the pillow. What she does with the teeth is a mystery. In France, the Tooth Fairy leaves a small gift or candy. In the United States, however, the Tooth Fairy usually leaves money. These days, the rate is $1 to $5 per tooth. That can add up to a lot of money from the Tooth Fairy!

[A] The idea of giving lost teeth to an angel or fairy is also a common tradition in the West.

[B] Many cultures follow special customs when a child’s baby teeth fall out.

[C] Tradition says that the new tooth will grow in good and strong if the baby tooth is fed to a guardian angel.

[D] Other countries have teeth traditions which include other animals.

[E] According to tradition, a magpie will come and take the tooth.

[F] The Tooth Fairy probably originated in the west.

[G] Many customs indicate that animals would take care of baby teeth.

Culture shock might be called an occupational disease of people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad. Like most ailments, it has its own symptoms and cure.

Culture shock is precipitated by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. Those signs or cues include the thousand and one ways in which we orient ourselves to the situation of daily life: When to shake hands and what to say when we meet people, and when and how to give tips, how to make purchases, when to accept and when to refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and when not.【T1】These cues, which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, customs, or norms, are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are as much a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept.【T2】All of us depend for our peace of mind and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues, most of which we do not carry on the level of conscious awareness.

Now when an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar cues are removed. He or she is like a fish out of water.【T3】No matter how broad-minded or full of good will you may be, a series of props have been knocked from under you, followed by a feeling of frustration and anxiety. People react to the frustration in much the same way. First they reject the environment which causes the discomfort. “The ways of the host country are bad because they make us feel bad.“【T4】When foreigners in a strange land get together to grouse about the host country and its people, you can be sure they are suffering from culture shock. Another phase of culture shock is regression. The home environment suddenly assumes a tremendous importance. To the foreigner everything becomes irrationally glorified. All the difficulties and problems are forgotten and only the good things back home are remembered. It usually takes a trip home to bring one back to reality.

Individuals differ greatly in the degree in which culture shock affects them. Although not common, there are individuals who cannot live in foreign countries. However, those who have seen people go through culture shock and on to a satisfactory adjustment can discern steps in the process. During the first few weeks most individuals are fascinated by the new. They stay in hotels and associate with nationals who speak their language and are polite and gracious to foreigners. This honeymoon stage may last from a few days or weeks to six months, depending on the circumstances.【T5】If one is very important, he or she will be shown the show places, will be pampered and petted, and in a press interview will speak glowingly about goodwill and international friendship.